SAN PEDRO

The San Pedro cactus is the name given to psychoactive species of the genus Trichocereus (T. pachanoi, T. peruvianus) which comprises about thirty species, mainly found in the Andes. It is a large columnar cactus that grows up to heights of twenty feet and it contains mescaline, as does the well-known peyote cactus. The San Pedro cactus has also been found to have other psychoactive alkaloids. The mescaline seems to be most highly concentrated in the skin, which can be peeled, dried and made into a powder for consumption.
The usual native preparation of the cactus involves boiling slices of the stem for a number of hours and then, once cooled, the resulting liquid is drunk. Sometimes the San Pedro is used in conjunction with other psychoactive plants, such as coca, tobacco, Brugmansia and Anadenanthera. The hallucinogenic properties of its traditional use, including aguacolla, cardo, cuchuma, gigantón, hermoso, huando and, of course, San Pedro.
Like many other of the entheogenic substances used in the aboriginal religions of the Americas, the use of the hallucinogenic San Pedro cactus is ancient and its use has been a continuous tradition in Peru for over 3,000 years. The earliest depiction of the cactus is a carving which shows a mythological being holding the San Pedro. It belongs to the Chavín culture (c. 1400-400 BC) and was found in an old temple at Chavín de Huantar in the northern highlands of Peru, and dates about 1300 BC. A particularly surprising discovery was made by a Peruvian archaeologist named Rosa Fung in a pile of ancient refuse at the Chavín site of Las Aldas near Casma; namely what seem to be remnants of cigars made from the cactus. Artistic renderings of it also appear on later Chavín artefacts such as textiles and pottery (ranging from about 700-500 BC). The San Pedro is also a decorative motif of later Peruvian ceramic traditions, such as the Salinar style (c. 400-200 BC), the Nasca urns (c. 100 BC-AD 700). It has also been proposed that a recurrent snail motif in Moche art represents a mescaline-soaked snail which has partaken of the San Pedro. If this is the case then the snail may be added to the list of animals having psychoactive properties.
Not surprisingly, considering their general contempt for native life and particularly the use of psychoactive plants, European missionaries were very negative when reporting the use of the San Pedro. Yet a Spanish missionary, cited by Christian Rätsch, grudgingly admitted the cactus' medicinal value in the midst of a tirade reviling it:
it is a plant with whose aid the devil is able to strengthen the Indians in their idolatry; those who drink its juice lose their senses and are as if dead; they are almost carried away by the drink and dream a thousand unusual things and believe that they are true. The juice is good against burning of the kidneys and, in small amounts, is also good against high fever, hepatitis, and burning in the bladder.
An account of the cactus by a shaman is in radical contrast to this rather contemptuous view:
the drug first ... produces ... drowsiness or a dreamy state and a feeling of lethargy ... a slight dizziness ... then a great 'vision', a clearing of all the faculties ... it produces a light numbness in the body and afterward a tranquillity. And then comes detachment, a type of visual force ... inclusive of all the senses ... including the sixth sense, the telepathic sense of transmitting oneself across time and matter ... like a kind of removal of one's thought to a distant dimension. The entheogenic status of the cactus remains as strong today as it always was. Not only do its uses in shamanic trances and healing sessions continue but it is also used to combat more recent problems such as alcoholism. The peyote cactus used widely by the North American Indians is also considered a medicine against alcoholism and this parallel is all the more striking as both cacti contain mescaline.

taken from http://www.mescaline.com/sanpedro/index.html

Fly Agaric

The Kamchacals gather them usually during the hottest months ofJuly and August; they maintain that those that dry themselfs in the earth,on the stalk, and that are somewhat furry and velvety to the touch on theunderside of the cap have a far stronger narcotic effect than those pickedfresh and strung up to dry in the air... ...The smaller mushrooms, which are bright red and covered withmany white warty protuberances, are said to be far stronger in narcoticpower than the larger ones, which are pale red and have few white spots. ...The usual way to consume fly-agarics is to dry them and thento swallow them at one gulp, rolled up into a ball, without chewing them;chewing fly-agarics is considered harmful, since it is said to causedigestive disturbances. ...The body's predisposition or susceptability to the intoxcicatingeffect of fly-agarics apperently is not the same at all times, since thesame person may sometimes be strongly affected by a single mushroom and atother times remaining completely unaffected after twelve to twenty of them.Ordinarily, however, one large fly-agaric or two small ones are enough tomake an enjoyable day. The narcotic effect begins to manifest itself about a half hourafter eating, in a pulling and jerking of the muscles or a so-called tendonjump (although sometimes these effects appear only after an hour or two);this is gradually followed by a sense of swimming befoer the eyes,dizziness, and sleep. During this time, people who have eaten largequantity of mushrooms often suffer an attack of vomiting. The rolled-upmushrooms previously swallowed whole are then vomited out in a swollen,large, and gelatinous form, but even though not a single mushroom remainsin the stomach, the fly-agaric eating are, in fact, intensified. Many otherpersons never vomit, even after eating copiously of the mushrooms. ...The nerves are highly stimulated, and in this state the slightesteffort of will produces very powerful effects. Consequently, if one wishesto step over a small stick or straw, he steps and jumps as if the obstacleswere tree trunks. If a man is ordinarily talkative, his speech nerves arenow in constant activity, and he involuntarily blurts out secrets, fullyconsious of his actions and aware of his secret but unable to hold hisnerves in check. In this condition a man who is fond of dancing dances anda music-lover sings incessantly. Others run or walk quite involuntarily,without any intention of moving, to places where they do not wish to go atall. ...Equally remarkable and strange is the extremely subtle andelusive narcotic substance contained in fly-agarics, which retains itseffectiveness permenantly and can be transmitted to other persons: theeffect of the urine form eating one of the same mushrooms can be transmittedto a second person, the urine affects a third, and similarly, unchanged bythe organs of this animal secretion, the effect appears in a fourth and afifth person.Fly agaric is also the kind of mushroom that Vikings took to enter the"beserker" state for battle. The Icelandic name for the fly agariccontains the word 'berserk' in it.

sourced from http://diseyes.lycaeum.org and salviasociety.org